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  <div class="section" id="testing-your-database">
<h1>Testing Your Database<a class="headerlink" href="#testing-your-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="contents local topic" id="contents">
<ul class="simple">
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-test-class" id="id1">The Test Class</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#setting-up-a-test-database" id="id2">Setting Up a Test Database</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#migrations-and-seeds" id="id3">Migrations and Seeds</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#helper-methods" id="id4">Helper Methods</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="the-test-class">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">The Test Class</a><a class="headerlink" href="#the-test-class" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>In order to take advantage of the built-in database tools that CodeIgniter provides for testing, your
tests must extend <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CIDatabaseTestCase</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>

<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">App\Database</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Test\CIDatabaseTestCase</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTests</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">CIDatabaseTestCase</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="c1">// ...</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Because special functionality executed during the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setUp()</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tearDown()</span></code> phases, you must ensure
that you call the parent’s methods if you need to use those methods, otherwise you will lose much
of the functionality described here:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>

<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">App\Database</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Test\CIDatabaseTestCase</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTests</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">CIDatabaseTestCase</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">setUp</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="p">{</span>
        <span class="k">parent</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">setUp</span><span class="p">();</span>

        <span class="c1">// Do something here....</span>
    <span class="p">}</span>

    <span class="k">public</span> <span class="k">function</span> <span class="nf">tearDown</span><span class="p">()</span>
    <span class="p">{</span>
        <span class="k">parent</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="na">tearDown</span><span class="p">();</span>

        <span class="c1">// Do something here....</span>
    <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="setting-up-a-test-database">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Setting Up a Test Database</a><a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-a-test-database" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>When running database tests, you need to provide a database that can be used during testing. Instead of
using the PHPUnit built-in database features, the framework provides tools specific to CodeIgniter. The first
step is to ensure that you have set up a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tests</span></code> database group in <strong>app/Config/Database.php</strong>.
This specifies a database connection that is only used while running tests, to keep your other data safe.</p>
<p>If you have multiple developers on your team, you will likely want to keep your credentials stored in
the <strong>.env</strong> file. To do so, edit the file to ensure the following lines are present and have the
correct information:</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">tests</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">dbdriver</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MySQLi&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">tests</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">username</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;root&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">tests</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">password</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">tests</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">database</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="migrations-and-seeds">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Migrations and Seeds</a><a class="headerlink" href="#migrations-and-seeds" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>When running tests, you need to ensure that your database has the correct schema set up and that
it is in a known state for every test. You can use migrations and seeds to set up your database,
by adding a couple of class properties to your test.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;?</span><span class="nx">php</span>

<span class="k">namespace</span> <span class="nx">App\Database</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="k">use</span> <span class="nx">CodeIgniter\Test\CIDatabaseTestCase</span><span class="p">;</span>

<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyTests</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="nx">\CIDatabaseTestCase</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="k">protected</span> <span class="nv">$refresh</span>  <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">true</span><span class="p">;</span>
    <span class="k">protected</span> <span class="nv">$seed</span>     <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;TestSeeder&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
    <span class="k">protected</span> <span class="nv">$basePath</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;path/to/database/files&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>$migrate</strong></p>
<p>This boolean value determines whether the database migration runs before test.
By default, the database is always migrated to the latest available state as defined by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$namespace</span></code>.
If false, migration never runs. If you want to disable migration, set false.</p>
<p><strong>$migrateOnce</strong></p>
<p>This boolean value determines whether the database migration runs only once. If you want
to run migration once before the first test, set true. If not present or false, migration
runs before each test.</p>
<p><strong>$refresh</strong></p>
<p>This boolean value determines whether the database is completely refreshed before test. If true,
all migrations are rolled back to version 0.</p>
<p><strong>$seed</strong></p>
<p>If present and not empty, this specifies the name of a Seed file that is used to populate the database with
test data prior to test running.</p>
<p><strong>$seedOnce</strong></p>
<p>This boolean value determines whether the database seeding runs only once. If you want
to run database seeding once before the first test, set true. If not present or false, database seeding
runs before each test.</p>
<p><strong>$basePath</strong></p>
<p>By default, CodeIgniter will look in <strong>tests/_support/Database/Seeds</strong> to locate the seeds that it should run during testing.
You can change this directory by specifying the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$basePath</span></code> property. This should not include the <strong>Seeds</strong> directory,
but the path to the single directory that holds the sub-directory.</p>
<p><strong>$namespace</strong></p>
<p>By default, CodeIgniter will look in <strong>tests/_support/Database/Migrations</strong> to locate the migrations
that it should run during testing. You can change this location by specifying a new namespace in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$namespace</span></code> properties.
This should not include the <strong>Database\Migrations</strong> sub-namespace but just the base namespace.
To run migrations from all available namespaces set this property to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">null</span></code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="helper-methods">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Helper Methods</a><a class="headerlink" href="#helper-methods" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>The <strong>CIDatabaseTestCase</strong> class provides several helper methods to aid in testing your database.</p>
<p><strong>regressDatabase()</strong></p>
<p>Called during <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$refresh</span></code> described above, this method is available if you need to reset the database manually.</p>
<p><strong>migrateDatabase()</strong></p>
<p>Called during <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setUp</span></code>, this method is available if you need to run migrations manually.</p>
<p><strong>seed($name)</strong></p>
<p>Allows you to manually load a Seed into the database. The only parameter is the name of the seed to run. The seed
must be present within the path specified in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$basePath</span></code>.</p>
<p><strong>dontSeeInDatabase($table, $criteria)</strong></p>
<p>Asserts that a row with criteria matching the key/value pairs in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$criteria</span></code> DOES NOT exist in the database.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$criteria</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;email&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;joe@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;active&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">dontSeeInDatabase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;users&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$criteria</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>seeInDatabase($table, $criteria)</strong></p>
<p>Asserts that a row with criteria matching the key/value pairs in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$criteria</span></code> DOES exist in the database.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$criteria</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;email&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;joe@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;active&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">seeInDatabase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;users&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$criteria</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>grabFromDatabase($table, $column, $criteria)</strong></p>
<p>Returns the value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$column</span></code> from the specified table where the row matches <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$criteria</span></code>. If more than one
row is found, it will only test against the first one.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$username</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">grabFromDatabase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;users&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;username&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;email&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;joe@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">]);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>hasInDatabase($table, $data)</strong></p>
<p>Inserts a new row into the database. This row is removed after the current test runs. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$data</span></code> is an associative
array with the data to insert into the table.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;email&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;joe@example.com&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;name&#39;</span>  <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Joe Cool&#39;</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">hasInDatabase</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;users&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$data</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>seeNumRecords($expected, $table, $criteria)</strong></p>
<p>Asserts that a number of matching rows are found in the database that match <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$criteria</span></code>.</p>
<div class="highlight-html+php notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nv">$criteria</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span>
    <span class="s1">&#39;active&#39;</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
<span class="p">];</span>
<span class="nv">$this</span><span class="o">-&gt;</span><span class="na">seeNumRecords</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;users&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$criteria</span><span class="p">);</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
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